The lack of natural reefs in some places has led to people building 'artificial' ones. The frist artificial reefs were made by the Japanese back in the 1800s. They were made of bamboo, but today people sink anything from old tyres to old ships and aircraft. Before the actual sinking, scientists and researchers make sure that the materials are stable and environmentally safe. On 10 June 2002, an old transport ship, Spiegel Grove, was deliberately sunk off te coast Florida to create the world's largest artificial reef.
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